Steam-turbine.



l PATENTED JAN. 1l, 1907. H. P. HILL. A

STEAM TURBINE.

'APPLIOATIONIILBD JULY 20.1996.

2 sHEBTs-SHEBT 1.

' l Inventor by/wz,

PATENTED JAN. 1. 1907.

H, P-H'ILL.`

A 'STEAM TURBINE.

APPL'IGATION FILED 11111204906.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

ou w III-III Inventor UNrrEn sTArEs iefriErriV oEEIoE.

` HALBERT PAuL HILL, or NEW vonk,` N. r.' I STEAM-TURBINE., l

Specification of Letters Patent. l Application filed July 20', 1906. Serial No. 327.0907.

Patented Jan. 1, 1907.

yof the advantages of the present existing types of turbines, such as the Parsons, (Jur-` tis, Allis-Chalmers, and De Lavel.

One of the principal objectsof my invention is to provide a turbine which shall be very compact and which shall occupy much less spacefor a given power than any of the present existing types. i This also'results in a great reduction in the weight of the engines.

Other objects will bein part `obvious and will in part appearin connection with the description of the turbine shown in the accompanying drawings, which illustrate one embodiment of my invention.

Figure 1 isa side .elevation of' one form of .i asteam-turbine embodyingmy invention.

fFvg. 2 is anienlarged Avertical cross-section showing the interior construction and' ar-A rangement of the buckets and supports.: Fig. 3 is a side view of a portion ofthe bucketvSupports, showing the relative arrangement .ofthe rotatable and iixed buckets.. i Fig. 4'

is a view of a portion ofthe disk from which the buckets are formed, showing the same belfore being bent into position.l Fig. 5 is a' View of a portion of the .disk,`si1nilar to' Fig. 4, showing the buckets bent into position. Fig. -6 is a4 cross-sectional view ofa 'portion of Fig'. 5. Fig. 7 is a detailed view of a por-r tion ofthe supporting-ring, l

One of the features of my invention which enables me to accomplish the 4fdesired results is in the la,rrangement of the buckets or blades upon which thesteam is caused to operate. In the preferredconstructionthese buckets are formedin series byA stamping the same from a single sheet or disk of metal in a circle, and by bending these portions at right angles to the disk, at the same time' giving to it the proper curvature, I provide a series of buckets which are not only simple and cheap to manufacture; but one in which all* the buckets will be exact du licates of .one"an other on account of the act that'each one is produced bythe same operation .cfsarnping. Any number of these series of buckets may be provided, each series being constructed, as above described, from a sin le sheet of metal, but on a larger circle than t e Both the rotating'and the fixed series of buckets may be made in exactly the same manner, each having its circle of buckets of such a size that when the same areplaced in position'in the engine in the manner described hereinafter in connection with the drawings a radially-extending path 4for the,

steam will be provided.

- The steam is admitted `at the center to a steam-chest and dischargled by means of suitable ports against t e first series of buckets and in eX anding passes in successive stages in a ra ially-eXt-ending path from the iirst series of rotating buckets to` the first series of fixed buckets in a similar man-- ner through the several stages or series to the circumference' of the casingtothe exhaust.`

The buckets or blades are given the pro er curvature to attainthemost efficient resu ts Theamount of curvature, as well as the number and arrangement of blades, is the result of a great number of experiments and calculations with engines of this type in order to attain the best results".

` The steam is admitted at the center at its highest pressure and expands as it passes'to the circumference. The number of buckets, aswell as the spacein each successive stage,

also increases on account of the increasing diameters upon Whichthe same. are constructed. The rotating member may be constructed .byplacing the disks from which the several series or stages of buckets or bla es are s tamped'back to back, so that the bucketsextend in opposite directions. A corresponding number -of fixed buckets similarly constructed are so positioned that they exe tend intermediary ofthe successive stages or series of rotating buckets from both sides. The object of providing such an arrangement is to avoid the end thrust which would be present if buckets were provided at one side only of the rotating member, resultin in a perfectly-balanced engine with no end t st.

One of the features of the'construction. of the buckets or blades is in providing a projection at the outer end of each blade as the same are Vstamped from the sheet or disk of metal above described. i

A- 'ng provided with openings adapted to looy IIO

' the same havebeen bent up at right angles receive these projections may then be placed in position. over the ends of the buckets after to the disk from which tley'are stamped. The prejlections extending through theopcnin s 1n t iis ring may then be bent down at a rig t angle, so as to engage the adjacent buckets, thus forming a brace for the same and providing a' very solid and rigid construc-v tion. These-projections may be usedWithT out the ring in the smaller sizes, if desired.

It is thus seen that Ihave provided a.' steam-turbine which on account of the construction and arrangementv of' the several stages o'f buckets or vblades is very light v\in Weight for a given horse-power on account of the buckets being formed from a sheet, or'

-diskof metal, 'which thus forms at the saine. time a support for thesame. In the larger sizes of'engincs' the buckets may be formed from separate 'pieces and set into thel disksupports, if desired.

On account of the radial lpath provided for the steam a very compact construction taking up very little space is provided and also -enables the doing away with the end thrust by locating the several series of buckets'on op osite sides of the rotating member, re-

su ting in a balancing -of the pressure'o'f the steam.-

. I have thus set out the general features of 'ber is also keyed to theshaft 4 and is pro# vided witha nut 8, Which. holds the retaining members 9 andi() in osition to clanip the .bucket-supporting dis s 11, 12, and 13 on 'one side and 14,- 15, and 16 on theopposite side. in position, as shown in Fig. 2. The buckets 17, 18, and 19 are formed from the. disks 11, 1'2, and 13, and the buckets 20, 21,

j. and 22 are formed from the disks.,14, 15 and f then bending the same into the forni shown in Figs` 3 and 5. The

16V by first unc'hing the same from a flat disk of meta in the forni shown in Fig. 4 and )rejection 23, which isl formed Von each of these buckets, pass-es through openings provided in therine 24 land are then bent over the outside of t is ring and are of such a lengththet thev tlien'en-l gage tbe-.adjacent bucket.

, Tbebuckets and supports'just described are attached to the-shaft and form the rota 'tableni'embers Thev fixed buckets may be formed in a similar. manner from the' disks 25 and 26, as shown at 2 7.' and 28, on one side of the rotating' meinbe'r,--a nd a' similar set of .ixed bucketsinay beforined' from the disks 29 and 30, as shownat 31; and 32 on the opposite side of the rotating member.. l

The iixed buckets' and disks may be attached to the casing,.which may be formed in two parts, as shown at 33 and 34, which may be secured together vin vany suitable manner.- I

A centrally-located'steam-chest 35 is rovided on'one-side and a similar steam-c iestl 36 on the opposite side of the rotating niemier.` These steam-chests are provided With suitable discharge-nozzles 37 and 38, which may be positioned with relation to tliebuck ets as shownin Fig; 3.

A oint is preferably provided betweenitlie steam-chests 35 .and 36l and purpose o f -this'joint is to reduce the space in which the steam can expand and also to prevent leakage.

Stuffing-boxes may also vbe provided around the. shaft 4, as shown.

The stes-1n iS. admitted to the steam-chests 35 and 36 by means of suitable pipes 39 and 40 from a supply-pipe 4]. A .vovernor'42 may also be provided to controlJ inlet. The steam after p'assin stages of bucketsie dis arge into an exhaustfcliamber provided around the pleriphl c arged. ,'95

ery of the casing'iindisinally dis through. an exhaust-.pipe 43.

'WliatI claim iss:- o

1. In a steam-turbine, a series of'buckets' formed by 'bending the same u at an angle from a single piece of materia and me'ans ets. y 2. Ina steam-turbine, aseriesof buckets formed by bendingthe same lup at an angle from the periplier4 of a disk, and means o v admitting steam or operating said buckets.

the retainingv `members 9 and 10, asl shown in Fig. 2. The

-the steam" the several for -admitting steamf'or operating said buck.

3'. In a steam-turbine, a-pluralitl ofsseriesv f ery of a disk andthe buckets in the several series being formed in concentric c1rcles,`and

-means for admitting steam for operating'said buckets.

' 4.. In esteem-turbine, a series of buckets .of/buckets, each series being forme by bend. ing the same up at anangle from the periph-l .TIO

formed .by bending the same up'at an angle g from a single piece of material, each bucket. f being formed with a projectin portion adapted to Vengage the adjacent biic let ofthe.

series, and 4means it'or admitting steamfor op.- erating said buckets.

5'. In a steam-turbine, a series of buckets fori-decl by bending lthe same upat an angle from ja single piece'oic material, eachl bucket being formed withaiprojecting portion, a-iiat ring positioned 'over' the outer ends of saidv series of buckets and'liaving openings therein `throudfli vvhichjA said projections- 'may 'be' passe to hold thel sameaiid-the -b'ucketsin position,v and ineansfor admitting steam for operating said-buckets.'

In a steam-turbine. incornbination, a

roo

Vbuckets, said buckets being sopositioned in rrelation to each other as to provide a'path by plurality of seriesof rotatable buckets, each t series-being formed vfrom la single flat disk of I metal and bent up at arrangle therefrom, said disks being mounted upon the shaft of the turbine, .a plurality of series of iixed means of which the steam may pass in successive stages from the said rotatable buckets to the said fixed buckets causing the for' mer t'o be rotated, and means for admitting steam for operating said buckets.

7. In a steam-turbine, in combination, a series oi rotatable buckets -formed by bending the same up at an angle from the periphery of a single ilat disk mounted upon the shaft' of the turbine, a series of iixed buckets, said buckets being so positioned in relation to each other as to provide al path by means of i which the steam may pass in successive sta es from the-said rotatable buckets to the sai fixed buckets causinOr the former to be rotated, and means for admitting steam for operating said buckets.

8. In a steam-turbine, in combination, a plurality oi' series of rotatable buckets, each seriesbeing bent at an angle from a single -disk of material, and a plurality of series of iixed buckets, said buckets being so positioned in relation to each other as to provide a radially-extending path for the steam and by means of which the steam'in expandingl passes in successive stages :from the. saidrotatable buckets to the said fixed buckets causing the former to be rotated.

, 9. In a steam-turbineyin combination, a

bucket being provided with a at| an angle from the body portion 'thereof and adapted to engage the adjacent bucket, and a plurality oi' series of xed buckets, said buckets being so positioned in relation to each other as to provide a radially-extendin path for the steam and by means of Whic the steam in expanding passes in successive stages from' thesaid rotatable buckets to the said fixed buckets causing the former to be rotated.

l()-` ln a steam-turbine, in combination, a plurality of' series of rotatable buckets, each bucket being provided with a projection therefrom, a ring having a series of openings` through which said projections extend and over which they may be bent so as to engage the adjacent buckets, and a plurality oi se-l ries 'of lixed buckets, said buckets being so positioned in relation to each other as to provide a radially-extendin path'ior the steam and by means of which t e steam in expanding passes in successive stages from the said rotatable buckets to the said fixed buckets causing the former to be rotated.

Signed at the city of New York,in theA county of New York and State of New York, this 11th day of July, A. D. 1906. s

HALBERT PAUL HILL.

' Witnesses: y

WILLIAM P. SMITH, LEWIS-J. DooLrrTLE. 

